GATE CS Concept of Layering: OSI and TCP/IP Protocol Stacks questions

Identify the ONE CORRECT matching between the OSI layers and their corresponding functionalities as shown. …

A user starts browsing a webpage hosted at a remote server. The browser opens a single TCP connection to fetch the entire webpage from the server. The webpage consists of a top-level index page with multiple embedded image objects. Assume that all caches (e.g., DNS cache, browser cache) are all initially empty. The following packets leave the user's computer …

Consider the following two statements. $S_1$: Destination $\text{MAC}$ address of an $\text{ARP}$ reply is a broadcast address. $S_2$: Destination $\text{MAC}$ address of an $\text{ARP}$ request is a broadcast address. Which one of the following choices is correct?

Suppose that in an IP-over-Ethernet network, a machine X wishes to find the MAC address of another machine Y in its subnet. Which one of the following techniques can be used for this?

In an RSA cryptosystem, the value of the public modulus parameter $n$ is $3007$. If it is also known as that $\phi(n)=2880$ where $\phi()$ denotes Euler’s Totient Function, then the prime factor of $n$ which is greater than $50$ is _________

Match the following: $$\begin{array}{|l|l|}\hline \textbf{Field} & \textbf{Length in bits} \\ \hline \text{P. UDP Header's Port Number} & \text{I. 48} \\ \text{Q. Ethernet MAC Address} & \text{II. 8} \\ \text{R. IPv6 Next Header} & \text{III. 32} \\ \text{S. TCP Header's Sequence Number} & \text{IV. 16} \\ \hline \end{array}$$

In a RSA cryptosystem, a participant $A$ uses two prime numbers $p = 13$ and $q = 17$ to generate her public and private keys. If the public key of $A$ is $35$, then the private key of $A$ is __________ .

Consider that $B$ wants to send a message $m$ that is digitally signed to $A$. Let the pair of private and public keys for $A$ and $B$ be denoted by ${K_{x}}^-$ and ${K_{x}}^+$ for $x=A, B$, respectively. Let $K_{x}(m)$ represent the operation of encrypting $m$ with a key $K_{x}$ and $H(m)$ represent the message digest. Which one of …

Anarkali digitally signs a message and sends it to Salim. Verification of the signature by Salim requires.

Suppose that everyone in a group on $N$ people wants to communicate secretly with the $(\text{N - 1})$ others using symmetric Key cryptographic system. The communication between any two person should not be decodable by the others in the group. The numbers of keys required in the system as a whole to satisfy the confidentiality requirement is

In the following pairs of OSI protocol layer/sub-layer and its functionality, the INCORRECT pair is

Assume that source S and destination D are connected through two intermediate routers labeled R. Determine how many times each packet has to visit the network layer and the data link layer during a transmission from S to D.

Using public key cryptography, $X$ adds a digital signature σ to message $M$, encrypts $\langle M, \sigma \rangle$, and sends it to $Y$, where it is decrypted. Which one of the following sequences of keys is used for the operations?

Consider a source computer $(S)$ transmitting a file of size $10^{6}$ bits to a destination computer $(D)$ over a network of two routers $(R_{1}\text{ and }R_{2})$ and three links $(L_{1},L_{2},\text{ and } L_{3})$. $L_{1}$ connects $S$ to $R_{1}$; $L_{2}$ connects $R_{1}$ to $R_{2}$; and $L_{3}$ connects $R_{2}$ to $D$. Let each …

A layer-$4$ firewall (a device that can look at all protocol headers up to the transport layer) CANNOT

In the RSA public key cryptosystem, the private and public keys are $(e, n)$ and $(d, n)$ respectively, where $n=p \times q$ and $p$ and $q$ are large primes. Besides, $n$ is public and $p$ and $q$ are private. Let $M$ be an integer such that $0<M<n$ and $\phi(n) = (p-1)(q-1)$. Now consider the following equations. …

Match the following: …

How many $8-bi$t characters can be transmitted per second over a $9600$ baud serial communication link using asynchronous mode of transmission with one start bit, eight data bits, two stop bits and one parity bit?

Choose the best matching between $\text{Group 1}$ and $\text{Group 2}$ …

Which of the following functionality must be implemented by a transport protocol over and above the network protocol?