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Official PYQ · 2026Set 1 · Q4Machine Instructions and Addressing ModesMCQ1 mark

GATE CS 2026 Set 1 Q4 — Machine Instructions and Addressing Modes

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Match each addressing mode in List I\textbf{List I} with a data element or an element of a data structure (in a high-level language) in List II\textbf{List II}:
List IList IIP. Immediate1. Element of an arrayQ. Indirect2. PointerR. Base with index3. Element of a recordS. Base with offset/displacement4. Constant\begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline {\textbf{List I}} & {\textbf{List II}} \\ \hline \hline P.\ \text{Immediate} & 1.\ \text{Element of an array} \\ \hline Q.\ \text{Indirect} & 2.\ \text{Pointer} \\ \hline R.\ \text{Base with index} & 3.\ \text{Element of a record} \\ \hline S.\ \text{Base with offset/displacement} & 4.\ \text{Constant} \\ \hline \end{array}

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Answer: B

We can match the addressing modes in List I with their corresponding high-level language constructs in List II as follows:

  • P. Immediate → 4. Constant: The operand value is specified directly within the instruction, which represents constant values (e.g., x = 5).
  • Q. Indirect → 2. Pointer: The instruction references a location containing the address of the operand, which corresponds to pointer dereferencing (e.g., *ptr).
  • R. Base with index → 1. Element of an array: The effective address is the sum of a base register (array start address) and an index register (element index), used for accessing array elements (e.g., A[i]).
  • S. Base with offset/displacement → 3. Element of a record: The effective address is the sum of a base register (record start address) and a constant offset (field offset), used to access fields of a structure/record (e.g., student.age).

Thus, the correct matching is P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3.

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