GATE CS 1998 Q1.31 — Concurrency and Synchronization

A counting semaphore $S$ is an integer variable that is accessed through two standard atomic operations: $P$ (wait) and $V$ (signal).

• Initial value of the semaphore: $S_{\text{init}} = 10$
• $P$ (wait) operation: Decrements the semaphore value by $1$ ($S \leftarrow S - 1$).
• $V$ (signal) operation: Increments the semaphore value by $1$ ($S \leftarrow S + 1$).

After performing $6$ $P$ operations and $4$ $V$ operations, the final value of the semaphore is calculated as:

Thus, the resulting value of the semaphore is 8.